What is the only penalty that can be imposed on someone who has been impeached?

The only penalty that can be imposed on someone who has been impeached is removal from office. Impeachment is a constitutional process that allows for the removal of a sitting president, vice president, or other federal officials if they are found guilty of "high crimes and misdemeanors." The process involves the House of Representatives bringing charges (impeachment) and the Senate conducting a trial to determine whether to convict and remove the official.

While the Senate can also decide to impose further consequences, such as barring the impeached individual from holding future office, the immediate consequence that results from the impeachment process itself is the removal from their current position. This distinction underscores the primary function of impeachment as a mechanism for accountability within the government. The other options, like fines, imprisonment, community service, or permanent bans, are not part of the impeachment process as defined in the Constitution.